The weight that a bullet can be depends largely on its caliber. Within any caliber, a range of bullet weights may be available. The best known example of this might be 9mm ammo , which is most commonly available with either a , , or grain bullet.
For a grain bullet to achieve the same velocity out of the muzzle as a grain bullet, it would have to have greater force behind it.
It may not break the sound barrier, and accordingly better complements the performance of an attached suppressor. Consider whether you would rather teach a child to shoot with a 22 LR rifle or an elephant gun. It generates less recoil and thus less muzzle flip than heavier bullets, which facilitates accurate rapid fire.
In other words, you can more accurately put several rounds on target. One virtue of a heavier bullet is that it is better able to resist the influence of wind drift. A sniper working against strong, lateral gusts may choose a heavier bullet to do their job. However, because a heavier bullet tends to travel and rotate more slowly, it can be harder to stabilize over very long distances.
What snipers must deal with is outside the scope of this article; There is a reason why military snipers have to take classes that an MIT graduate would feel right at home in. It may, however, get them tossed up into the air. When it comes to self-defense, the consensus is that calibers which can fire heavier bullets are more effective.
The precise reasons are not always easily explained, but with some experimentation, you might find, for example, that your particular Glock 22 is always a little more accurate with grain. You might be able to pick up some hints about good loads from other people who have a lot of trigger time with the same gun, but sometimes trial and error might be the only way to figure it out.
For long range rifle shooting, the tie between bullet weight and accuracy is less mysterious, but still potentially confusing. Heavier bullets are less susceptible to being blown off course by the wind, but if the bullet is too heavy, it might not have enough velocity to remain stable at the desired distances.
Self-Defense and Hunting : This is a tricky one. Expansion and penetration characteristics are more important than the mere numbers representing bullet weight, velocity, or caliber. These rounds travel slower than the speed of sound, and create minimal noise when fired through a good suppressor. A few calibers that use heavy bullets, like.
Other ammo is only subsonic when used with bullets that are heavy for the caliber. For example, the popular. Bullet Weight vs. Recoil : A lot of people intuitively believe there must be some link between bullet weight and recoil. If I want lighter recoil loads for my handgun, I should choose a lighter bullet weight, right? If the lighter bullets were pushed to the same velocity as the heavier bullets then simple physics would dictate that the recoil impulse would be reduced. But as I mentioned earlier, lighter bullets are usually loaded to fly at greater velocities in order to make up for their low mass.
Or… the heavier bullet could have more recoil depending on the load. For example, if the cartridge has a fast burning propelllant, the recoil could hit you all at once, translating to a sharp snap against your hand or shoulder.
The five shot average muzzle velocity for the lighter grain bullet is feet per second. When you calculate the muzzle energy for this bullet, you come up with foot pounds. The five shot average muzzle velocity for the heavier grain bullet was just under feet per second. That is a muzzle energy of foot pounds. Why does it matter? In this case, the lighter bullet, moving faster delivers more energy.
Physics dictates that bullet grain will play a role in recoil. We know it requires more energy to move a heavier bullet than a lighter bullet, right? Well, when we consider that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction, we know a heavier bullet generally means more recoil than a lighter bullet. As you might expect, there are a ton of variables that play into all this.
Propellant burn rate can also play a role. Both expansion and penetration are affected by bullet shape, material, and other factors as well, but weight plays a role. This essentially means that in most cases heavier bullets are reserved for hunting and self defense. When loaded into hunting rifles, a heavier bullet is more likely to deliver more energy into the target, resulting in a more humane shot.
For self defense, a heavier bullet gives you a better chance at stopping a threat. A smaller bullet can be effective if overall speed and distance is your goal. Speed is generally preferred for distance target shooting, as it reduces the chances of drop. As we saw above, the heavier bullet dropped further, which means your trajectory will be straighter with a lighter projectile, and your overall distance potential will be longer. If you participate in distance rifle shooting, especially for target practice, a lighter bullet may be ideal.
If you are hunting with a rifle at long distances, a light bullet may be better, but you will sacrifice energy. Smaller bullets can also reduce recoil. If you carry a pistol and have difficulty handling high recoil, you may find that a smaller bullet is more comfortable to shoot.
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